Product description

Foam swim vest designed for kids discovering their first swimming movements.

The swimming vest that helps kids to float! Made of neoprene-covered foam, with a zip fastener that prevents the kid from taking off the life vest. To be used under adult supervision.

DECATHLON

Foam swim vest blue-red

Dhs. 135.00

Size Guide

MEN’S

Tops

Size	Chest (in)	Waist (in)
XS	33.1 – 34.3	27.6 – 28.7
S	34.6 – 35.8	29.1 – 30.3
M	36.2 – 37.4	30.7 – 31.9
L	37.8 – 40.6	32.3 – 35.0
XL	40.9 – 44.5	35.4 – 39.4
2XL	44.9 – 48.4	39.8 – 43.7
3XL	48.8 – 53.1	44.1 – 48.4

Bottoms

Size	Low hip (in)	Waist (in)
XS	31.5 – 33.5	26.0 – 28.0
S	33.9 – 35.8	28.3 – 30.3
M	36.2 – 38.2	30.7 – 32.7
L	38.6 – 40.9	33.1 – 35.0
XL	41.3 – 43.7	35.4 – 38.2
2XL	44.1 – 46.5	38.6 – 41.3
3XL	46.9 – 49.6	41.7 – 44.5

HOW TO MEASURE:

Head: Wrap a tape measure around your head, above your eyebrows. Make sure it is parallel to the floor when you're looking straight ahead.

Chest: Wrap a tape measure around your back and measure the fullest part of your chest. Make sure it's straight and parallel to the floor. Look straight ahead, tighten the tape and breathe normally.

Waist: Wrap a tape measure around the narrowest part of your waist, above your belly button. Raise your head, tighten the tape and breathe normally.

Hand: Hold a tape measure at the bend of the thumb. Wrap around your palm.

WOMEN’S

Tops

Size	Low hip (in)	Waist (in)
2XS	31.5 – 32.7	22.8 – 24.4
XS	33.1 – 34.3	24.4 – 25.6
S	34.6 – 35.8	26.0 – 27.2
M	36.2 – 37.4	27.6 – 28.7
L	37.8 – 40.6	29.1 – 33.1
XL	40.9 – 44.5	33.5 – 37.8
2XL	44.9 – 48.4	38.2 – 42.5

Bottoms

Size	Low hip (in)	Waist (in)
2XS	31.1 – 33.5	23.6 – 24.8
XS	33.5 – 35.4	25.2 – 26.8
S	35.4 – 37.8	27.2 – 28.7
M	37.8 – 40.2	29.1 – 31.1
L	40.2 – 42.5	31.5 – 33.9
XL	42.5 – 44.9	34.3 – 36.6
2XL	44.9 – 47.2	37.0 – 39.4

Bra

Size	Bust (in)	Underbust (in)
2XS	30.7 – 31.5	24.8 – 26.4
XS	31.5 – 33.5	24.8 – 28.3
S	33.5 – 35.4	26.8 – 30.3
M	35.4 – 37.4	28.7 – 32.3
L	37.4 – 39.4	30.7 – 34.3
XL	39.4 – 41.3	32.7 – 36.2
2XL	41.3 – 43.3	34.6 – 38.2

HOW TO MEASURE:

Head: Wrap a tape measure around your head, above your eyebrows. Make sure it is parallel to the floor when you're looking straight ahead.

Bust: Wrap a tape measure around your back and measure the fullest part of your bust. Make sure it's straight and parallel to the floor. Look straight ahead, tighten the tape and breathe normally.

Underbust: Directly below the bust. wrap a tape measure around the ribcage. Make sure it's straight and parallel to the floor. Raise your head, tighten the tape and breathe normally.

Waist: Wrap a tape measure around the narrowest part of your waist, above your belly button. Raise your head, tighten the tape and breathe normally.

Hips: Wrap a tape measure around the fullest part of your hips.

Hand: Hold a tape measure at the bend of the thumb. Wrap around your palm.

KIDS’

Boys

Age	Height (in)	Chest (in)	Waist (in)	Low hip (in)
6 months	24.0 – 27.2	16.5 – 16.9	14.6 – 15.2	16.5 – 17.1
9 months	27.6 – 28.3	16.9 – 17.3	15.2 – 15.6	17.1 – 17.7
12 months	28.7 – 29.5	17.3 – 17.7	15.6 – 16.1	17.7 – 18.5
18 months	29.9 – 31.9	18.1 – 18.5	16.3 – 16.9	18.5 – 19.3
24 months	32.3 – 34.6	18.9 – 19.3	17.3 – 18.1	19.3 – 20.3
2 – 3 years	35.0 – 37.4	19.7 – 20.1	18.1 – 18.9	20.3 – 20.9
3 – 4 years	37.8 – 40.2	20.5 – 21.3	19.3 – 20.1	21.3 – 22.4
4 – 5 years	40.6 – 44.1	21.7 – 22.4	20.1 – 20.9	22.8 – 24.0
5 – 6 years	44.5 – 48.0	22.8 – 23.6	20.9 – 21.7	24.4 – 25.6
7 – 8 years	48.4 – 51.2	24.4 – 24.8	21.7 – 22.4	26.0 – 27.2
8 – 9 years	51.6 – 55.1	25.2 – 26.4	22.8 – 23.6	27.6 – 28.7
10 – 11 years	55.5 – 59.1	26.8 – 28.7	24.0 – 25.2	29.1 – 30.3
12 – 13 years	59.4 – 63.0	29.1 – 31.5	25.6 – 27.2	30.7 – 33.1
14 – 15 years	63.4 – 67.7	31.9 – 34.6	27.6 – 29.1	33.5 – 35.8

Girls

Age	Height (in)	Chest (in)	Waist (in)	Low hip (in)
6 months	24.0 – 27.2	15.4 – 16.9	13.4 – 15.2	15.4 – 17.1
9 months	27.6 – 28.3	16.9 – 17.3	15.2 – 15.6	17.1 – 17.7
12 months	28.7 – 29.5	17.3 – 17.7	15.6 – 16.1	17.7 – 18.5
18 months	29.9 – 31.9	18.1 – 18.5	16.3 – 16.9	18.5 – 19.3
24 months	32.3 – 34.6	18.9 – 19.3	17.3 – 18.1	19.3 – 20.3
2 – 3 years	35.0 – 37.4	19.7 – 20.1	18.1 – 18.9	20.3 – 20.9
3 – 4 years	37.8 – 40.2	20.5 – 21.3	19.3 – 20.1	21.3 – 22.4
4 – 5 years	40.6 – 44.1	21.7 – 22.4	20.1 – 20.9	22.8 – 24.0
5 – 6 years	44.5 – 48.0	22.8 – 23.6	20.9 – 21.7	24.4 – 25.6
7 – 8 years	48.4 – 51.2	24.4 – 24.8	21.7 – 22.4	26.0 – 27.2
8 – 9 years	51.6 – 55.1	25.2 – 26.4	22.8 – 23.6	27.6 – 28.7
10 – 11 years	55.5 – 58.3	26.8 – 28.0	24.0 – 24.8	29.1 – 31.9
12 – 13 years	58.7 – 62.6	28.3 – 31.9	25.2 – 26.4	32.3 – 35.0
14 – 15 years	63.0 – 65.4	32.3 – 33.9	26.8 – 28.0	35.4 – 36.6

HOW TO MEASURE:

Height:Stand against a wall, barefoot or in socks, heels pasted to the wall. Stand right, then hold a book or flat object on the top of your head. Block the book, mark the bottom edge of the book. Measure the distance from the floor to the mark.

Head:Wrap a tape measure around your head, above your eyebrows. Make sure it is parallel to the floor when your head is straight.

Hand:Hold a tape measure at the bend of the thumb. Wrap around your palm.

FOOTWEAR

Men's Footwear

US Size	Foot length (in)	EU Size	Foot length (cm)
6	9.6	38.5	24.5
6.5	9.6	39	24.5
7	9.8	39.5	25
7.5	10	40	25.5
7.5	10	40.5	25.5
8	10.2	41	26
8.5	10.4	41.5	26.5
9	10.4	42	26.5
9.5	10.6	42.5	27
9.5	10.8	43	27.5
10	11	43.5	27.5
10.5	11	44	28
11	11.2	44.5	28.5
11.5	11.2	45	28.5
11.5	11.4	45.5	29
12	11.6	46	29.5
12.5	11.6	46.5	29.5

Women's Footwear

US Size	Foot length (in)	EU Size	Foot length (cm)
4	8.25	34	20.8
4.5	8.5	34.5	21.3
5	8.7	35	22
5.5	8.9	35.5	22.5
5.5	8.9	36	22.5
6	9.1	36.5	23
6.5	9.3	37	23.5
7	9.3	37	23.5
7.5	9.4	38	24
7.5	9.6	38.5	24.5
8	9.6	39	24.5
8.5	9.8	39.5	25
9	10	40	25.5
9	10	40.5	25.5
9.5	10.2	41	26
10	10.4	41.5	26.5
10.5	10.4	42	26.5

Unisex Footwear

Women's / Men's US Size	Foot length (in)	EU Size	Foot length (cm)
W5 / M3.5	8.6	35	21.9
W5.5 / M4	8.9	36	22.5
W6 / M4.5	9.1	36.5	23
W6.5 / M5	9.3	37	23.5
W7 / M5.5	9.3	37.5	23.5
W7.5 / M6	9.4	38	24
W8 / M6.5	9.6	39	24.5
W8.5 / M7	9.8	39.5	25
W9 / M7.5	10	40	25.5
W9.5 / M8	10.2	41	26
W10 / M8.5	10.4	41.5	26.5
W10.5 / M9	10.4	42	26.5
W11 / M9.5	10.8	43	27.5
W11.5 / M10	11	43.5	27.5
W12 / M10.5	11	44	28
W12.5 / M11	11.2	44.5	28.5
W13 / M11.5	11.2	45	28.5
W14 / M12	11.6	46	29.5
W15 / M13	11.8	47	30
W16 / M13.5	12	48	30.5

HOW TO MEASURE:

Foot length:Stand against a wall, heels touching the wall. Put an object (e.g. book...) against your longest toe. Measure the length between the wall and the object. Repeat this process for the other foot. If the lengths are different, choose the largest.

ACCESSORIES

Headwear (Caps, Beanies, Hats)

US Size	Head (in)
2XS	18.5 – 19.7
XS	19.7 – 20.9
S	20.9 – 22.0
M	22.0 – 23.2
L	23.2 – 24.4

Helmets

US Size	Head (in)
2XS	17.3 – 19.3
XS	18.5 – 20.5
S	20.5 – 21.7
M	21.7 – 23.2
L	23.2 – 24.4

Gloves

Size	Palm perimeter (in)	Hand length (in)
2XS	7.0 – 7.3	6.3 – 6.6
XS	7.3 – 7.6	6.7 – 6.9
S	7.6 – 7.9	7.0 – 7.2
M	8.0 – 8.2	7.2 – 7.4
L	8.3 – 8.5	7.4 – 7.7
XL	8.6 – 8.9	7.7 – 7.9
2XL	8.9 – 9.2	8.0 – 8.1
3XL	9.2 – 9.5	8.2 – 8.4

HOW TO MEASURE:

Head:Wrap a tape measure around your head, above your eyebrows. Make sure it is parallel to the floor when your head is straight.

Hand:Hold a tape measure at the bend of the thumb. Wrap around your palm.

BIKES

Kids' Bikes

Bike size	Height (ft)
12"	2'5" – 3'0"
14"	3'0" – 3'5"
16"	3'5" – 3'11"
20"	3'11" – 4'5"
24"	4'5" – 5'1"

Road & Gravel Bikes

Bike size	Height (ft)
XS	5'1" – 5'5"
S	5'5" – 5'8"
M	5'8" – 5'11"
L	5'11" – 6'2"
XL	6'2" – 6'7"

Mountain Bikes

Bike size	Height (ft)
S	4'11" – 5'5"
M	5'5" – 5'9"
L	5'9" – 6'0"
XL	6'0" – 6'7"

Size Guide

MEN’S

Tops

Size	Chest (in)	Waist (in)
XS	33.1 – 34.3	27.6 – 28.7
S	34.6 – 35.8	29.1 – 30.3
M	36.2 – 37.4	30.7 – 31.9
L	37.8 – 40.6	32.3 – 35.0
XL	40.9 – 44.5	35.4 – 39.4
2XL	44.9 – 48.4	39.8 – 43.7
3XL	48.8 – 53.1	44.1 – 48.4

Bottoms

Size	Low hip (in)	Waist (in)
XS	31.5 – 33.5	26.0 – 28.0
S	33.9 – 35.8	28.3 – 30.3
M	36.2 – 38.2	30.7 – 32.7
L	38.6 – 40.9	33.1 – 35.0
XL	41.3 – 43.7	35.4 – 38.2
2XL	44.1 – 46.5	38.6 – 41.3
3XL	46.9 – 49.6	41.7 – 44.5

HOW TO MEASURE:

Head: Wrap a tape measure around your head, above your eyebrows. Make sure it is parallel to the floor when you're looking straight ahead.

Waist: Wrap a tape measure around the narrowest part of your waist, above your belly button. Raise your head, tighten the tape and breathe normally.

Hand: Hold a tape measure at the bend of the thumb. Wrap around your palm.

WOMEN’S

Tops

Size	Low hip (in)	Waist (in)
2XS	31.5 – 32.7	22.8 – 24.4
XS	33.1 – 34.3	24.4 – 25.6
S	34.6 – 35.8	26.0 – 27.2
M	36.2 – 37.4	27.6 – 28.7
L	37.8 – 40.6	29.1 – 33.1
XL	40.9 – 44.5	33.5 – 37.8
2XL	44.9 – 48.4	38.2 – 42.5

Bottoms

Size	Low hip (in)	Waist (in)
2XS	31.1 – 33.5	23.6 – 24.8
XS	33.5 – 35.4	25.2 – 26.8
S	35.4 – 37.8	27.2 – 28.7
M	37.8 – 40.2	29.1 – 31.1
L	40.2 – 42.5	31.5 – 33.9
XL	42.5 – 44.9	34.3 – 36.6
2XL	44.9 – 47.2	37.0 – 39.4

Bra

Size	Bust (in)	Underbust (in)
2XS	30.7 – 31.5	24.8 – 26.4
XS	31.5 – 33.5	24.8 – 28.3
S	33.5 – 35.4	26.8 – 30.3
M	35.4 – 37.4	28.7 – 32.3
L	37.4 – 39.4	30.7 – 34.3
XL	39.4 – 41.3	32.7 – 36.2
2XL	41.3 – 43.3	34.6 – 38.2

HOW TO MEASURE:

Head: Wrap a tape measure around your head, above your eyebrows. Make sure it is parallel to the floor when you're looking straight ahead.

Underbust: Directly below the bust. wrap a tape measure around the ribcage. Make sure it's straight and parallel to the floor. Raise your head, tighten the tape and breathe normally.

Waist: Wrap a tape measure around the narrowest part of your waist, above your belly button. Raise your head, tighten the tape and breathe normally.

Hips: Wrap a tape measure around the fullest part of your hips.

Hand: Hold a tape measure at the bend of the thumb. Wrap around your palm.

KIDS’

Boys

Age	Height (in)	Chest (in)	Waist (in)	Low hip (in)
6 months	24.0 – 27.2	16.5 – 16.9	14.6 – 15.2	16.5 – 17.1
9 months	27.6 – 28.3	16.9 – 17.3	15.2 – 15.6	17.1 – 17.7
12 months	28.7 – 29.5	17.3 – 17.7	15.6 – 16.1	17.7 – 18.5
18 months	29.9 – 31.9	18.1 – 18.5	16.3 – 16.9	18.5 – 19.3
24 months	32.3 – 34.6	18.9 – 19.3	17.3 – 18.1	19.3 – 20.3
2 – 3 years	35.0 – 37.4	19.7 – 20.1	18.1 – 18.9	20.3 – 20.9
3 – 4 years	37.8 – 40.2	20.5 – 21.3	19.3 – 20.1	21.3 – 22.4
4 – 5 years	40.6 – 44.1	21.7 – 22.4	20.1 – 20.9	22.8 – 24.0
5 – 6 years	44.5 – 48.0	22.8 – 23.6	20.9 – 21.7	24.4 – 25.6
7 – 8 years	48.4 – 51.2	24.4 – 24.8	21.7 – 22.4	26.0 – 27.2
8 – 9 years	51.6 – 55.1	25.2 – 26.4	22.8 – 23.6	27.6 – 28.7
10 – 11 years	55.5 – 59.1	26.8 – 28.7	24.0 – 25.2	29.1 – 30.3
12 – 13 years	59.4 – 63.0	29.1 – 31.5	25.6 – 27.2	30.7 – 33.1
14 – 15 years	63.4 – 67.7	31.9 – 34.6	27.6 – 29.1	33.5 – 35.8

Girls

Age	Height (in)	Chest (in)	Waist (in)	Low hip (in)
6 months	24.0 – 27.2	15.4 – 16.9	13.4 – 15.2	15.4 – 17.1
9 months	27.6 – 28.3	16.9 – 17.3	15.2 – 15.6	17.1 – 17.7
12 months	28.7 – 29.5	17.3 – 17.7	15.6 – 16.1	17.7 – 18.5
18 months	29.9 – 31.9	18.1 – 18.5	16.3 – 16.9	18.5 – 19.3
24 months	32.3 – 34.6	18.9 – 19.3	17.3 – 18.1	19.3 – 20.3
2 – 3 years	35.0 – 37.4	19.7 – 20.1	18.1 – 18.9	20.3 – 20.9
3 – 4 years	37.8 – 40.2	20.5 – 21.3	19.3 – 20.1	21.3 – 22.4
4 – 5 years	40.6 – 44.1	21.7 – 22.4	20.1 – 20.9	22.8 – 24.0
5 – 6 years	44.5 – 48.0	22.8 – 23.6	20.9 – 21.7	24.4 – 25.6
7 – 8 years	48.4 – 51.2	24.4 – 24.8	21.7 – 22.4	26.0 – 27.2
8 – 9 years	51.6 – 55.1	25.2 – 26.4	22.8 – 23.6	27.6 – 28.7
10 – 11 years	55.5 – 58.3	26.8 – 28.0	24.0 – 24.8	29.1 – 31.9
12 – 13 years	58.7 – 62.6	28.3 – 31.9	25.2 – 26.4	32.3 – 35.0
14 – 15 years	63.0 – 65.4	32.3 – 33.9	26.8 – 28.0	35.4 – 36.6

HOW TO MEASURE:

Head:Wrap a tape measure around your head, above your eyebrows. Make sure it is parallel to the floor when your head is straight.

Hand:Hold a tape measure at the bend of the thumb. Wrap around your palm.

FOOTWEAR

Men's Footwear

US Size	Foot length (in)	EU Size	Foot length (cm)
6	9.6	38.5	24.5
6.5	9.6	39	24.5
7	9.8	39.5	25
7.5	10	40	25.5
7.5	10	40.5	25.5
8	10.2	41	26
8.5	10.4	41.5	26.5
9	10.4	42	26.5
9.5	10.6	42.5	27
9.5	10.8	43	27.5
10	11	43.5	27.5
10.5	11	44	28
11	11.2	44.5	28.5
11.5	11.2	45	28.5
11.5	11.4	45.5	29
12	11.6	46	29.5
12.5	11.6	46.5	29.5

Women's Footwear

US Size	Foot length (in)	EU Size	Foot length (cm)
4	8.25	34	20.8
4.5	8.5	34.5	21.3
5	8.7	35	22
5.5	8.9	35.5	22.5
5.5	8.9	36	22.5
6	9.1	36.5	23
6.5	9.3	37	23.5
7	9.3	37	23.5
7.5	9.4	38	24
7.5	9.6	38.5	24.5
8	9.6	39	24.5
8.5	9.8	39.5	25
9	10	40	25.5
9	10	40.5	25.5
9.5	10.2	41	26
10	10.4	41.5	26.5
10.5	10.4	42	26.5

Unisex Footwear

Women's / Men's US Size	Foot length (in)	EU Size	Foot length (cm)
W5 / M3.5	8.6	35	21.9
W5.5 / M4	8.9	36	22.5
W6 / M4.5	9.1	36.5	23
W6.5 / M5	9.3	37	23.5
W7 / M5.5	9.3	37.5	23.5
W7.5 / M6	9.4	38	24
W8 / M6.5	9.6	39	24.5
W8.5 / M7	9.8	39.5	25
W9 / M7.5	10	40	25.5
W9.5 / M8	10.2	41	26
W10 / M8.5	10.4	41.5	26.5
W10.5 / M9	10.4	42	26.5
W11 / M9.5	10.8	43	27.5
W11.5 / M10	11	43.5	27.5
W12 / M10.5	11	44	28
W12.5 / M11	11.2	44.5	28.5
W13 / M11.5	11.2	45	28.5
W14 / M12	11.6	46	29.5
W15 / M13	11.8	47	30
W16 / M13.5	12	48	30.5

HOW TO MEASURE:

ACCESSORIES

Headwear (Caps, Beanies, Hats)

US Size	Head (in)
2XS	18.5 – 19.7
XS	19.7 – 20.9
S	20.9 – 22.0
M	22.0 – 23.2
L	23.2 – 24.4

Helmets

US Size	Head (in)
2XS	17.3 – 19.3
XS	18.5 – 20.5
S	20.5 – 21.7
M	21.7 – 23.2
L	23.2 – 24.4

Gloves

Size	Palm perimeter (in)	Hand length (in)
2XS	7.0 – 7.3	6.3 – 6.6
XS	7.3 – 7.6	6.7 – 6.9
S	7.6 – 7.9	7.0 – 7.2
M	8.0 – 8.2	7.2 – 7.4
L	8.3 – 8.5	7.4 – 7.7
XL	8.6 – 8.9	7.7 – 7.9
2XL	8.9 – 9.2	8.0 – 8.1
3XL	9.2 – 9.5	8.2 – 8.4

HOW TO MEASURE:

Head:Wrap a tape measure around your head, above your eyebrows. Make sure it is parallel to the floor when your head is straight.

Hand:Hold a tape measure at the bend of the thumb. Wrap around your palm.

BIKES

Kids' Bikes

Bike size	Height (ft)
12"	2'5" – 3'0"
14"	3'0" – 3'5"
16"	3'5" – 3'11"
20"	3'11" – 4'5"
24"	4'5" – 5'1"

Road & Gravel Bikes

Bike size	Height (ft)
XS	5'1" – 5'5"
S	5'5" – 5'8"
M	5'8" – 5'11"
L	5'11" – 6'2"
XL	6'2" – 6'7"

Mountain Bikes

Bike size	Height (ft)
S	4'11" – 5'5"
M	5'5" – 5'9"
L	5'9" – 6'0"
XL	6'0" – 6'7"

Color : Unique

Size: 15-18 KG

Ref: 8307793

Variant

In stock

Home Delivery 4 - 6 Days

Up to 2-year warranty

Secure Payments

Product description

Foam swim vest designed for kids discovering their first swimming movements.

The swimming vest that helps kids to float! Made of neoprene-covered foam, with a zip fastener that prevents the kid from taking off the life vest. To be used under adult supervision.

Description

Foam swim vest designed for kids discovering their first swimming movements.

The stages of aquatic awakening

There are 3 stages to discovering water: - Familiarisation: build trust and overcome apprehension through fun games. The kid gets used to water. - Immersion and breathing: control your breathing to feel safe and put your head under water. - Floating and moving: develop independence and discover how the body behaves in water before moving around alone. A progressive, fun-filled course for a successful introduction to water!

Why and when to use a foam swim vest

This foam swim vest is part of the “Discovering swimming” experience The kids cannot swim yet but are comfortable in the water, use their arms and legs and need a lot of freedom to enjoy their experience. He will start learning the first swimming movements by changing from a vertical to an oblique and then a horizontal position (the swimmer’s position).

Recommendations for use

We recommend wearing a swim top or rash vest to avoid rubbing under the armpits. This life vest is not a life jacket but a life vest to assist with learning to swim. Good adjustment of the life vest on the kid is very important to prevent it from rolling up too much. Follow the signs shown inside the life vest. For use under constant adult supervision.

Product size and weight

Available in two sizes, 15-18 kg et 18-30 kg. Size 15-18 kg = About 350 g Size 18-30 kg = About 380 g

The swimming vest that helps kids to float! Made of neoprene-covered foam, with a zip fastener that prevents the kid from taking off the life vest. To be used under adult supervision.

Foam swim vest designed for kids discovering their first swimming movements.

The stages of aquatic awakening

Why and when to use a foam swim vest

Recommendations for use

Product size and weight

Available in two sizes, 15-18 kg et 18-30 kg. Size 15-18 kg = About 350 g Size 18-30 kg = About 380 g

The swimming vest that helps kids to float! Made of neoprene-covered foam, with a zip fastener that prevents the kid from taking off the life vest. To be used under adult supervision.

Foam swim vest designed for kids discovering their first swimming movements.